… use of cellular networks. At the time of writing 5G networks were not considered as candidates
for indoor … , emerging solutions may make economical use of cellular networks [22]. Each …

… is responsible for positioning users or objects in indoor environments. … indoor and outdoor
environments. In this section, we focus on the methods that use neural networks for location …

… neural network to map the transformed RSS data to the user’s … user location as the location
of the strongest heard cell tower. Despite its simplicity, this approach is infeasible for indoor …

… Instead, we use a neural network to build an implicit model of the environment by observing
… as one and the rest zeros, we choose a target image with the correct location of the user …

… provide location information service for indoor mobile users and related heterogeneous
communications networks … We assume n WiFi APs are in the indoor environment and users with …

… problems, we employ two deep artificial neural network (ANN) models, one based on the …
of user equipment (UE) position and orientation is a crucial factor for indoor location-based …

… suitable for tracking the users in indoor environments. This article … location of the user, and
the HMI module helps the user to … neural network called RetinaNet for indoor object detection …

… the user carries certain devices, we divide WiFi-based indoor … The primary purpose of ILBSs
is to obtain the user's location, … the development of wireless local area networks, the cost of …

… initiated the emergence of LBS (Location-Based Services) that require precise location
information of the user both outdoor and indoor. The outdoor location can be served by GPS (…

… Therefore, how to implement location hiding, query privacy protection … location-based
service for users while effectively hiding location coordinates and protecting the privacy of users …