Aging significantly changes the ability to respond to vaccinations and infections. In this
review, we summarize published results on age‐related changes in response to infection …

Aging represents a complex remodeling in which both innate and adaptive immunities
deteriorate. Age-related changes in humoral immunity are responsible for the reduced …

Immunosenescence is defined as the progressive deterioration of the immune system with
aging. Immunosenescence stifles the generation of protective B and T cell-mediated …

Background Aging is characterized by a progressive decline in the capacity of the immune
system to fight influenza virus infection and to respond to vaccination. Among the several …

One of the most profound public health consequences of immune senescence is reflected in
an increased susceptibility to influenza and other acute respiratory illnesses, as well as a …

Increased T-bet levels and senescence in CD8 T cells from aged individuals as possible
mechanisms for decreased influenza-specific functionality. Aged individuals have increased …

CD4+ T cells are important for generating high quality and robust immune responses to
influenza infection. Immunosenescence that occurs with aging, however, compromises the …

Higher morbidity and mortality following infections, particularly influenza, is observed in the
elderly population. Because of this, people over 65 years old are often targeted for …

In aged mice, conventional naive B cells decrease and a new population of age-associated
B cells (ABC) 3 develops. When aged unprimed mice are infected with influenza virus, there …

The capacity of the immune system to mediate effective immune responses to pathogens
declines with age. In the case of immune responses to newly encountered antigens, several …