Advances in science are fundamentally changing the way we understand how inextricable
interactions among genetic predispositions, physical and social environments, and …

Exposures to adverse environments, both psychosocial and physicochemical, are prevalent
and consequential across a broad range of childhood populations. Such adversity …

This Technical Report was retired November 2021. Advances in fields of inquiry as diverse
as neuroscience, molecular biology, genomics, developmental psychology, epidemiology …

Advances in biology are providing deeper insights into how early experiences are built into
the body with lasting effects on learning, behavior, and health. Numerous evaluations of …

Advances in a wide range of biological, behavioral, and social sciences are expanding our
understanding of how early environmental influences (the ecology) and genetic …

Extensive evidence that personal experiences and environmental exposures are embedded
biologically (for better or for worse) and the cumulative knowledge of more than four …

Young children who experience toxic stress are at high risk for a number of health outcomes
in adulthood, including cardiovascular disease, cancers, asthma, and depression. The …

EXPOSURE TO ADVERSE Childhood Experiences (ACEs), including abuse, neglect,
household dysfunction, and other early life adversities, have been associated with negative …

Demystifying child development is a defining element of pediatric care, and pediatricians
have long appreciated the profound influences that families and communities have on both …

Children are the foundation of the United States, and supporting them is a key component of
building a successful future. However, millions of children face health inequities that …