We exploit the phenomenon of cross-modal, cross-language activation to examine the
dynamics of language processing. Previous within-language work showed that seeing a …

Spoken words and signs both consist of structured sub-lexical units. While phonemes unfold
in time in the case of the spoken signal, visual sub-lexical units such as location and …

Bilinguals have been shown to activate their two languages in parallel, and this process can
often be attributed to overlap in input between the two languages. The present study …

Spoken word recognition is characterized by multiple activation of sound patterns that are
consistent with the acoustic-phonetic input. Recently, an extreme form of multiple activation …

We used picture–word interference (PWI) to discover a) whether cross-language activation
at the lexical level can yield phonological priming effects when languages do not share …

Bilingualism provides a unique opportunity for exploring hypotheses about how the human
brain encodes language. For example, the “input switch” theory states that bilinguals can …

When listening to spoken language, bilinguals access words in both of their languages at
the same time; this co-activation is often driven by phonological input mapping to candidates …

In this article we discuss different views about how information flows through the lexical
system in bilingual speech production. In the first part, we focus on some of the experimental …

The most provocative finding about bilingualism in the last two decades is that both
languages are active even when bilinguals intend to use one language alone. When …

Speaking is one of the most useful skills that a human being acquires. This skill is acquired
seemingly effortlessly, and young children at the age of five are already able to produce …