The light entering our eyes is the product of the illumination and the surface reflectance of an
object. Although this light changes considerably when the illumination changes, we are …

Dichromatic vision is common in many mammals. However, color processing in the primary
visual cortex (V1) of dichromatic mammals is relatively unknown compared to the …

Color information is thought to be received by the primary visual cortex via two dominant
retinogeniculate pathways, one signals color variation between teal and red, and the other …

Lightness, the perceived relative achromatic reflectance of a surface, depends strongly on
the context within which the surface is viewed. Modest changes in the two-dimensional …

Humans perceive millions of colors along three dimensions of color space: hue, lightness,
and chroma. A major gap in knowledge is where the brain represents these specific …

The interaction between brightness and color causes there to be different color appearance
when one and the same object is viewed against surroundings of different brightness …

Color has become a premier model system for understanding how information is processed
by neural circuits, and for investigating the relationships among genes, neural circuits, and …

Humans' perceptual experience of color is very different from what one might expect, given
the light reaching the eye. Identical patterns of light are often perceived as different colors …

Multiple color-selective areas have been described in visual cortex, in both humans and non-
human primates. In macaques, hue-selective columns have been reported in several areas …

Studies of color perception have led to mechanistic models of how signals from cone-
opponent retinal ganglion cells are integrated to generate color appearance. But it is not …