Background Pre-existing cross-reactive immunity among different coronaviruses, also
termed immune imprinting, may have a comprehensive impact on subsequent SARS-CoV-2 …

In addition to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), humans are
also susceptible to six other coronaviruses, for which consecutive exposures to antigenically …

Reformulating severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccines
with variant strains is being pursued to combat the global surge in infections. We …

The SARS-CoV-2 belongs to the coronavirus family, which also includes common endemic
coronaviruses (HCoVs). We hypothesized that immunity to HCoVs would be associated with …

Immune imprinting describes how the first exposure to a virus shapes immunological
outcomes of subsequent exposures to antigenically related strains. Severe acute respiratory …

Immunological imprinting generically refers to the effects prior exposures have on
subsequent immune responses to, and eventually protection against, antigenically related …

Vaccines based on historical virus isolates provide limited protection from continuously
evolving RNA viruses, such as influenza viruses or coronaviruses, which occasionally spill …

Abstract Background/Aims Vaccination against severe acute respiratory syndrome
coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is one of the best policies to control COVID-19 pandemic. The …

Background: Mass basic and booster immunization programs effectively contained the
spread of the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus, also …

Background Owing to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and the
emergency use of different types of COVID-19 vaccines, there is an urgent need to consider …