Lack of consideration of sex and gender in COVID-19 clinical studies

E Brady, MW Nielsen, JP Andersen… - Nature …, 2021 - nature.com
Sex and gender differences impact the incidence of SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19
mortality. Furthermore, sex differences influence the frequency and severity of …

Clinical trials for COVID-19 should include sex as a variable

E Bischof, J Wolfe, SL Klein - The Journal of clinical …, 2020 - Am Soc Clin Investig
The number of COVID-19 cases appears to be comparable between men and women, but
the severity of disease and death is two times greater for men than for women (1, 2). History …

Sex differences in susceptibility, severity, and outcomes of coronavirus disease 2019: Cross-sectional analysis from a diverse US metropolitan area

FS Vahidy, AP Pan, H Ahnstedt, Y Munshi, HA Choi… - PloS one, 2021 - journals.plos.org
Introduction Sex is increasingly recognized as an important factor in the epidemiology and
outcome of many diseases. This also appears to hold for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID …

Systematic review and meta-analysis of sex-specific COVID-19 clinical outcomes

T Galbadage, BM Peterson, J Awada, AS Buck… - Frontiers in …, 2020 - frontiersin.org
To successfully mitigate the extraordinary devastation caused by the Coronavirus disease
2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, it is crucial to identify important risk factors for this disease. One …

Sex, racial, and ethnic representation in COVID-19 clinical trials: a systematic review and meta-analysis

H Xiao, R Vaidya, F Liu, X Chang, X Xia… - JAMA internal …, 2023 - jamanetwork.com
Importance Since the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, there have been calls for COVID-19
clinical trials to be fully representative of all demographic groups. However, limited evidence …

Male sex identified by global COVID-19 meta-analysis as a risk factor for death and ITU admission

H Peckham, NM de Gruijter, C Raine… - Nature …, 2020 - nature.com
Anecdotal evidence suggests that Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by the
coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, exhibits differences in morbidity and mortality between sexes …

Impact of sex and gender on COVID-19 outcomes in Europe

C Gebhard, V Regitz-Zagrosek, HK Neuhauser… - Biology of sex …, 2020 - Springer
Abstract Background Emerging evidence from China suggests that coronavirus disease
2019 (COVID-19) is deadlier for infected men than women with a 2.8% fatality rate being …

Analysis of sex-specific risk factors and clinical outcomes in COVID-19

T Jun, S Nirenberg, T Weinberger, N Sharma… - Communications …, 2021 - nature.com
Background Sex has consistently been shown to affect COVID-19 mortality, but it remains
unclear how each sex's clinical outcome may be distinctively shaped by risk factors …

Sex differences in severity and mortality among patients with COVID-19: evidence from pooled literature analysis and insights from integrated bioinformatic analysis

X Wei, YT Xiao, J Wang, R Chen, W Zhang… - arXiv preprint arXiv …, 2020 - arxiv.org
Objective: To conduct a meta-analysis of current studies that examined sex differences in
severity and mortality in patients with COVID-19, and identify potential mechanisms …

COVID-19 clinical characteristics, and sex-specific risk of mortality: systematic review and meta-analysis

MJ Nasiri, S Haddadi, A Tahvildari, Y Farsi… - Frontiers in …, 2020 - frontiersin.org
Background: The rapidly evolving coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), was declared a
pandemic by the World Health Organization on March 11, 2020. It was first detected in the …