Human herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) encephalitis can be caused by inborn errors of the
TLR3 pathway, resulting in impairment of CNS cell-intrinsic antiviral immunity. Deficiencies …

Herpes simplex viruses (HSVs) are highly prevalent neurotropic viruses. While they can
replicate lytically in cells of the epithelial lineage, causing lesions on mucocutaneous …

Autosomal dominant TLR3 deficiency has been identified as a genetic etiology of childhood
herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) encephalitis (HSE). This defect is partial, as it results in …

TLR3 is a receptor for dsRNA, which is generated during most viral infections. However,
other cellular processes may also produce dsRNA and there are other receptors for dsRNA …

Childhood herpes simplex virus-1 (HSV-1) encephalitis (HSE) may result from single-gene
inborn errors of TLR3 immunity. TLR3-dependent induction of IFN-α/β or IFN-λ is crucial for …

Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) encephalitis (HSE) is the most common sporadic viral
encephalitis in Western countries. Some HSE children carry inborn errors of the Toll-like …

Viruses are recognized by the innate immune system through pattern recognition receptors
(PRRs). For instance, HSV virions and genomic DNA are recognized by TLR2 and TLR9 …

ABSTRACT Herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) causes a spectrum of disease, including herpes
labialis, herpes keratitis, and herpes encephalitis, which can be lethal. Viral recognition by …

In the CNS, microglia are the primary targets of HIV infection. In this study, we investigated
the effect of activation of the innate antiviral receptors TLR3 and TLR4 on HIV infection of …

In the course of primary infection with herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1), children with inborn
errors of toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) immunity are prone to HSV-1 encephalitis (HSE),,. We …