A robust symbol-timing and carrier-frequency synchronization scheme applicable to
orthogonal frequency-division-multiplexing systems is presented. The proposed method is
based on a training symbol specifically designed to have a steep rolloff timing metric. The
proposed timing metric also provides a robust sync detection capability. Both time domain
training and frequency domain (FD) training are investigated. For FD training, maintaining a
low peak-to-average power ratio of the training symbol was taken into consideration. The …

This paper deals with timing and frequency synchronization in orthogonal frequency-division
multiplexing (OFDM) systems. A robust multistage scheme that works in the time domain,
independent of the preamble structure, is proposed. After coarse-timing estimation, joint
timing and integer frequency synchronization is performed. Then, fractional frequency
correction is carried out, and finally, fine-timing estimation completes the synchronization
process. The new timing estimation method is flexible and can be adjusted according to the …