A sensitive zinc probe operating via enhancement of excited-state intramolecular charge transfer

GD Kumar, M Banasiewicz, A Wrzosek… - Organic & …, 2022 - pubs.rsc.org
GD Kumar, M Banasiewicz, A Wrzosek, O O'Mari, M Zochowska, VI Vullev, D Jacquemin
Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry, 2022pubs.rsc.org
Novel highly sensitive fluorescent probes for zinc cations based on the diketopyrrolopyrrole
scaffold were designed and synthesized. Large bathochromic shifts (≈ 80 nm) of
fluorescence are observed when the Zn2+-recognition unit (di-(2-picolyl) amine) is bridged
with the fluorophore possessing an additional pyridine unit able to participate in the
coordination process. This effect originates from the dipolar architecture and the increasing
electron-withdrawing properties of the diketopyrrolopyrrole core upon addition of the cation …
Novel highly sensitive fluorescent probes for zinc cations based on the diketopyrrolopyrrole scaffold were designed and synthesized. Large bathochromic shifts (≈80 nm) of fluorescence are observed when the Zn2+-recognition unit (di-(2-picolyl)amine) is bridged with the fluorophore possessing an additional pyridine unit able to participate in the coordination process. This effect originates from the dipolar architecture and the increasing electron-withdrawing properties of the diketopyrrolopyrrole core upon addition of the cation. The new, greenish-yellow emitting probes, which operate via modulation of intramolecular charge transfer, are very sensitive to the presence of Zn2+. Introduction of a morpholine unit in the diketopyrrolopyrrole structure induces a selective six-fold increase of the emission intensity upon zinc coordination. Importantly, the presence of other divalent biologically relevant metal cations has negligible effects and typically even at a 100-fold higher concentration of Mg2+/Zn2+, the effect is comparable. Computational studies rationalize the strong bathochromic shift upon Zn2+-complexation. Decorating the probes with the triphenylphosphonium cation and morpholine unit enables selective localization in the mitochondria and the lysosome of cardiac H9C2 cells, respectively.
The Royal Society of Chemistry
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