mostly circumscribed to high-and middle-income nations. We estimate the effects of such an
expansion on progression in primary school in rural communities of Guatemala, where the
number of preprimaries increased from about 5,300 to 11,500 between 1998 and 2005.
Combining administrative and population census data in a difference-in-differences
framework, we find that access to preprimary education increased by 2.4 percentage points …