have been deployed in real-life large scale systems. An exception is KAD, a DHT based on
Kademlia that is part of the widely used eMule peer-to-peer system, which has more than 1.5
million simultaneous users. We have developed a very fast crawler and explored KAD for
more than a month by crawling part of the KAD ID space, which takes only a few seconds.
We find that there are two classes of peers, long-lived peers that participate in KAD for …