high-speed trains (HSTs) in crosswinds, especially for wind tunnel tests. The delayed
detached-eddy simulation (DDES) method was used to calculate the aerodynamic
characteristics of 1/8th scaled HST models with differently simplified bogies under
crosswinds. The numerical results were verified by wind tunnel tests using a same model. It
was proven that the complexity of bogies has a significant influence on the HST models' …