investigated using surface tension measurement and sum-frequency generation
spectroscopy. The liquid surface is mostly covered by the [BMIM]+ cations at very low bulk
concentration. An unusual increase in surface tension from mole fraction c≈ 0.016 up to≈
0.05 suggested that the BF4-anions start to appear at the surface from c≈ 0.016 until the
anions and cations are equally populated at c≈ 0.05 or higher. From the analysis of the …