Research and Development (R&D) is the lifeblood of socioeconomical development of a nation. Every nation in the world spends a huge amount of money/budget to foster research and innovation by allocating it to its R&D organizations, academic institutions, scientists, researchers etc. And, from that it demands a greater output, a fruitful result, a useful innovation through which the society can be benefited. A nation is being considered as the most developed by quantifying its research and innovation. But, quantifying the research output and its impact on society is a major concern for the government authority, policy makers. For that, every nation has their own sets of theory and policy frameworks with the help of certain indicators to review its R&D activities. It is the same in case for researchers, research institutions and funders. In such environment, it's a very tough task for the authority to value the research, to review the funding allocations and efficacy of funding decisions, performance appraisal, promotion, departmental reviews as well as institutional rankings etc as a whole. It was only being performed by'citation metrics' and'impact factor'the most commonly used indicators till date.

Earlier, citations count were the only way to represent the impact of a research article. With the passage of time, few other ranges of indicators in webometrics and bibliometrics research emerged and considered for years. Many service providers too came up with those indicators with their products to help the research community. The three main providers of more extensive metrics are Web of Science (ISI-Thomson Reuters), Scopus (Elsevier) and Google. Few of those metrics were journal level metrics and few were article or author level metrics. Impact Factor, Eigenfactor®, SCImago Journal Rank (SJR) and h5 index etc. are few prominent examples of journal level metrics. And, Thomson Reuters' Impact Factor has been considered as the most used and valuable indicator for many years in this category. Apart from these journal level metrics, few article or the author level metrics have been used to measure the impact of single article or author. H-index