An investigation of the single and combined phthalate metabolite effects on human chorionic gonadotropin expression in placental cells
Background: Observational studies have reported associations between maternal phthalate
levels and adverse outcomes at birth and in the health of the child. Effects on placental
function have been suggested as a biologic basis for these findings. Objective: We
evaluated the effects of phthalates on placental function in vitro by measuring relevant
candidate genes and proteins. Materials and Methods: Human trophoblast progenitor cells
were isolated at 7–14 wk of pregnancy (two female and three male concepti), and villous …
levels and adverse outcomes at birth and in the health of the child. Effects on placental
function have been suggested as a biologic basis for these findings. Objective: We
evaluated the effects of phthalates on placental function in vitro by measuring relevant
candidate genes and proteins. Materials and Methods: Human trophoblast progenitor cells
were isolated at 7–14 wk of pregnancy (two female and three male concepti), and villous …
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