Bioremediation is a process by which microorganisms or their enzymes have uses to enhance break down of contaminants in order to remove them from the environment, these contaminants are derived from industrial or agricultural sources and contaminates the environments, these pollutants are possessing potential health impacts like carcinogenic and mutagenic, since these pollutants characterized with slow degradation and long period environmental persistence. For previous reasons, the removal of such toxic substances from polluted areas is persistently of great importance, some of organic pollutants are difficult to degrade by bacteria, so that algae and fungi reported as potential bioremediation agents for theses hard contaminants. In this review, authors displayed many application strategies for both mycoremediation and phycoremediation, explaining the major factors affect the ability and rate of both previous processes and attempt to summarize the possible advantages and drawbacks of use fungi or algae as bioremediation agents from the current review, we concluded that using of algae and fungi to sequester or degrade the contaminants from an ecosystem is considering a biological strategy with many advantages such as eco-friendly, low cost and efficient to get rid of pollutants which difficult to degrade, in spite of high efficiency of both algae and fungi in bioremediation, genetic engineering techniques are needed to improve algal and fungal strains efficiency and further studies are needed to understand the optimum environmental conditions for these organisms and to discover new strategies to clean up most difficult contaminants.