Rural residential area is a complex and multifunctional system which is currently in crisis. Environmental problems of rural settlements are caused by the fact that agriculture has been intensive for a long time, which results in pollution of soil, food and drinking water by various chemical pollutants. In addition, the Chornobyl accident has made a significant contribution to the environmental situation in Ukrainian villages. The demographic situation is also catastrophic. According to the General Directorate of Statistics, in rural areas, the number of population and birth rate are decreasing compared to cities, while the mortality rate is rising. Water is an integral part of a safe and healthy life. It is known that the health status of the population and its morbidity depend on water quality. Mostly, rural settlements do not have centralized water supply, and therefore their population consumes water from sources of non-centralized water supply: wells, bores, underground sources, etc. Monitoring study of such sources indicates that the drinking water is not in compliance with organoleptic, sanitary, chemical and bacteriological quality indicators. Above-limit values of such indicators as nitrates, nitrites, total iron, sulphates, chlorides, etc. are particularly common. Currently, private farms are located in rural settlements or are adjacent to them; they often do not meet the requirements for the application of fertilizers and plant protection products, which leads to contamination of soil, vegetables and groundwater by toxic substances, in particular nitrates1. Furthermore, the owners and users of private plots do not know or neglect the rules of farm management, including the maintenance and location of wells and bores2.