use with COVID-19 clinical outcomes. Methods PubMed, ProQuest, Science Direct, Scopus,
and medRxiv databases were searched systematically in a limited period. The primary
outcome was mortality. Results A total of 119,298 patients from 31 eligible studies were
included. Pooled analysis of the random-effect model revealed CCB was not associated with
reduced mortality (OR= 1.21 [95% CI: 0.98–1.49], p= 0.08). Interestingly, subgroup analysis …