The aim of this research is know the knowledge and practices about self-medication of caregivers/families of children from 0 to 5 years old. Qualitative research using the Sensitive Creative Method. The data collect begun after approval of the ethics committee, from of the inclusion criteria, with the completion of a questionnaire and after the develop of the Dynamics of Creativity and Sensitivity in a school in the northwest region of the state of Rio Grande do Sul in the year 2016. 15 caregivers/family members participated. The results is the most of the caregivers/family members had practiced self-medication, the most used medication was of type analgesic and antipyretic, the main health problem that led to self-medication was flu/cold, the mother is the main person who carries out the self-medication. They use methods to facilitate administration of the drugs. The conclusion is Self-medication is a common practice among caregivers/family members. The nursing inside interdisciplinary team needs to accomplish individual or group orientations for children and their families.