Biometric-based system is used for authentication of an individual and to counter the possible threats used for security purpose. A wide variety of systems require reliable personal authentication schemes to either confirm or determine the identity of individuals requesting their services. Typical scenarios are access control and authentication transaction. Examples of such systems are automatic teller machines (ATMs), criminal verification, national unique identifications, border crossing, airports, cellular phones, etc. In the absence of robust authentication schemes, these systems are vulnerable to the wiles of an impostor. The purpose of such schemes is to ensure that the rendered services are accessed by the legitimate user, and not anyone else. Many researchers developed biometric-based system despite that each system has its own limitations. The main aim of this paper is to give a qualitative and computational analysis of existing biometric-based system and describes various unimodal and multimodal systems.