MATERIALS AND METHODS

This cohort study comprised a secondary data analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019 (GBD 2019). GBD 2019 was used to obtain data on DALYs of skin and subcutaneous diseases in Indonesia from 1990 to 2019. The data collection methods of GBD are explained in detail in the GBD 2019 publication (5). For this study, the selected disease categories were acne vulgaris, alopecia areata, atopic dermatitis, cellulitis, contact dermatitis, decubitus ulcer, fungal skin diseases, leprosy, malignant skin melanoma, non-melanoma skin cancer (basal cell carcinoma), non-melanoma skin cancer (squamous cell carcinoma), pruritus, psoriasis, pyoderma, scabies, seborrhoeic dermatitis, urticaria, viral skin diseases, and other skin and subcutaneous diseases, each selected with the consideration of the data availability. Other skin and subcutaneous diseases classified various skin conditions that are less common or lack data availability (Table SI). Neglected tropical diseases with cutaneous manifestations were also included because Indonesia is heavily burdened by tropical diseases (6).

DISCUSSION

Skin and subcutaneous diseases were the fourth largest cause of non-fatal disease burden and disability worldwide in 2010 and 2013 (7). In 2016, skin diseases were known to be one of the 3 leading diseases contributing to DALYs for the age group 5–14 and 10–19 years in Indonesia (8). These data showed the significant impact of skin and subcutaneous diseases burden worldwide.