human systemic lupus erythematosus with antinuclear Abs and proliferative
glomerulonephritis. Initial phenotypic analysis conducted in (129× C57BL/6) hybrid mice
showed that background genes were a significant factor for the full expression of the
autoimmune disease. To assess the contribution of background genes in the expression of
the autoimmune phenotype, the disrupted C1qa gene was backcrossed for seven …