Atmospheric in-store stimuli have been the subject of considerable empirical investigation
for over 30 years. This research presents a meta-analysis of 66 studies and 135 effects (N=
15,621) calibrating the atmospheric effects of music, scent, and color on shopping outcomes.
At an aggregate level, the results reveal that environments in which music or scent are
present yield higher pleasure, satisfaction, and behavioral intention ratings when compared
with environments in which such conditions are absent. Warm colors produce higher levels …