Connectivity, clientelism and public provision

M Shami - British Journal of Political Science, 2019 - cambridge.org
British Journal of Political Science, 2019cambridge.org
In many developing countries the rural poor often depend on patrons to act as brokers in
order to get public provision from the government. The broker facilitates provision in return
for securing peasants' votes for politicians. Yet, low bargaining power of peasants allows
patrons to appropriate public resources for themselves. I propose increasing peasants'
bargaining power by connecting them to markets outside their village. Making use of a
natural experiment found in the construction of a motorway in Pakistan, I find public …
In many developing countries the rural poor often depend on patrons to act as brokers in order to get public provision from the government. The broker facilitates provision in return for securing peasants’ votes for politicians. Yet, low bargaining power of peasants allows patrons to appropriate public resources for themselves. I propose increasing peasants’ bargaining power by connecting them to markets outside their village. Making use of a natural experiment found in the construction of a motorway in Pakistan, I find public provision to be significantly higher in connected villages when compared to those which are isolated. Moreover, I find that the beneficial impact of connectivity is felt most strongly by the lower classes, who are most vulnerable to exploitation when isolated.
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