One of the major issues for particle-resolved CFD simulations of fixed beds are particle–
particle and particle–wall contacts. A fixed bed of cylinders is studied with different local
contact modifications (ie, caps and bridges method for line and area contacts, and caps and
united method for overlaps resulting from composite DEM particles). Effects are analyzed
regarding pressure drop, local velocity, and local heat transfer for 191< Re p< 763. Modeling
particle–wall contacts is becoming more important with increasing Re p. Contact …