The region of Ksar el Boukhari is an important site for sheep farming in the high plateaus of central Algeria, the main product of which is the lamb. However, the prevalence of neonatal mortality has been scarcely studied. A longitudinal study involving ten veterinary facilities in the region provided us with a detailed description on 171 cases of dystocia, including bad presentations (39%), cervical atony/non-dilation of the cervix (19%),(true) cervical atresia (10%), and uterine torsion (8%). Twenty-nine percent of the cases of dystocia were presented at the veterinary facilities on the same day. Manual relief was provided in 62% of the cases. The remaining cases were relieved surgically.