and found nearly zero ultra-flattened dispersion (0.96-0.86 ps/nm/km) with very low
confinement loss (< 10-5 db/km), moderate effective area (7.7 μm 2), lower splice loss (4.8
db with MFD-3.1 μm) & nonlinear coefficient (18 W− 1 Km− 1) properties. A five-ringed
photonic crystal fiber have been designed with the finite differential time domain method
(FDTD) and perfectly matched absorbing layers boundary condition is used to investigate …