reasonable to assume that far distant GRBs were observed on-axis. Here, we introduce a
method of determining the bulk Lorentz factor and viewing angle by using relations between
the peak energy and the isotropic equivalent energy ( ${E}_{{\rm{p}},{\rm{i}}}\mbox{--}{E}_{\mathrm{iso}}$ …
We thus discuss our method and derive its results for GRB 170817A in Section 3. A detailed
discussion of these results and our conclusions are presented in Section 4. …