Dissecting transcriptional amplification by MYC

Z Nie, C Guo, SK Das, CC Chow, E Batchelor… - Elife, 2020 - elifesciences.org
Z Nie, C Guo, SK Das, CC Chow, E Batchelor, SS Simons, D Levens
Elife, 2020elifesciences.org
Supraphysiological MYC levels are oncogenic. Originally considered a typical transcription
factor recruited to E-boxes (CACGTG), another theory posits MYC a global amplifier
increasing output at all active promoters. Both models rest on large-scale genome-wide”-
omics'. Because the assumptions, statistical parameter and model choice dictates the '-
omic'results, whether MYC is a general or specific transcription factor remains controversial.
Therefore, an orthogonal series of experiments interrogated MYC's effect on the expression …
Supraphysiological MYC levels are oncogenic. Originally considered a typical transcription factor recruited to E-boxes (CACGTG), another theory posits MYC a global amplifier increasing output at all active promoters. Both models rest on large-scale genome-wide ”-omics’. Because the assumptions, statistical parameter and model choice dictates the ‘-omic’ results, whether MYC is a general or specific transcription factor remains controversial. Therefore, an orthogonal series of experiments interrogated MYC’s effect on the expression of synthetic reporters. Dose-dependently, MYC increased output at minimal promoters with or without an E-box. Driving minimal promoters with exogenous (glucocorticoid receptor) or synthetic transcription factors made expression more MYC-responsive, effectively increasing MYC-amplifier gain. Mutations of conserved MYC-Box regions I and II impaired amplification, whereas MYC-box III mutations delivered higher reporter output indicating that MBIII limits over-amplification. Kinetic theory and experiments indicate that MYC activates at least two steps in the transcription-cycle to explain the non-linear amplification of transcription that is essential for global, supraphysiological transcription in cancer.
eLife
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