Within the native distribution of Salmo a significant portion of its diversity is found in basins of river flowing to the Adriatic Sea (Behnke, 1965) and especially rivers of the Balkan Peninsula. The presence of the western Balkan endemics S. obtusirostris and S. ohridanus strengthens the impression of high salmonid diversity in the area. The marble trout, S. marmoratus from northern Italy and western Balkan and Salmo letnica from Lake Ohrid are commonly regarded as valid species. Salmo letnica is often subdivided into three or four subspecies (Stefanovic, 1948; Poljakov et al., 1958) and opinions on their relationship and distinctiveness towards each other and other Balkan Salmo species varies considerably (eg, S. Karaman, 1957; M. Karaman 1966; Soric, 1990; Sušnik et al., 2007). Remaining available names for western Balkan Salmo, a majority of them established by Stanko Karaman during the first half of the 20th century, are in a taxonomic limbo and revisionary work is strongly needed. Kottelat (1997) provides a full synonymy of the taxa in question and some six to eight Salmo species are considered as possibly valid in addition to those mentioned above. Later, in Kottelat & Freyhof (2007) 13 tentatively valid Salmo species are listed from the area. Below, Salmo peristericus is redescribed and a new species is described from Louros stream in Greece (Fig. 1). Type material of Salmo dentexfrom Nerteva and Cetina Rivers is also examined and discussed.