In this paper, an efficient finite element is developed for the dynamic analysis of 2-D
elasticity problems. Unlike the conventional direct or indirect formulations, the proposed
integral equation is based on minimizing the relevant energy functional. In doing so,
variational methods are used. The proposed element stiffness matrix is obtained by a
modified hybrid displacement variational statement, taking the fundamental solution as a
trial function. Quadratic shape functions are used for the approximation of the boundary …