The electrolytes used in enzymatic biosensors or biofuel cells have always been considered
to be inert. However, recent studies have demonstrated that this assumption is not correct
and that the nature of the electrolyte needs to be considered. Ion-specific interactions can
occur with the faradaic response observed in both direct and mediated electron transfer
being modulated by the nature of the salt used in solution. Specific ion effects arise from the
Hofmeister series, which is well established in studies of protein systems but not in …