host. However, it is unclear how probiotic bacteria regulate immune responses. The present
study investigated the effects of heat-killed Lactobacillus casei IMAU60214 on the activity of
human monocyte-derived macrophages (MDMs). Human MDMs were treated with heat-
killed L. casei at a ratio (bacteria/MDM) of 50: 1, 100: 1, 250: 1, and 500: 1, and then
evaluated for the following: NO production, by Griess reaction; phagocytosis of FITC-labeled …