carbide coatings on carbon-containing substrates. In this study, niobium carbide (NbC)
coatings were produced on low-alloy special-purpose tool steel (AISI L2) via a thermo-
reactive powder-pack treatment. The treatment was done in a sealed box with a powder
mixture consisted of ferroniobium, ammonium chloride and alumina powders at different
times and temperatures. The ratio of the powders was optimized based on the thickness of …