The paper analyses deformation and heat flow aspects of chip formation in grinding process by developed unique quick stop method and properties of ground surfaces, mainly micro-hardness. The cutting speed of the grinding process is within the range of high-speed turning and milling, so the chip formation is characterized by a high contact temperature and intensive plastic deformation. Moreover, the grinding wheel is a cutting tool of undefined geometry and the dimensions of grinding grains are several orders lower in comparison with the defined geometry cutting tools. The mentioned features make the research of the grinding process very specific. The paper provides the obtained micro-section of the chip forming process and the special chip shapes obtained by quick stop method in the grinding process. Furthermore, the paper analyses the special properties of the ground surface and even subsurface layers through the micro-hardness analysis, discusses performance in subsequent operating conditions and subsequent grinding of that layers. The experiments were carried out for the steel workpieces, ceramics grinding wheels and grinding without cooling.