2030s. The architecture of 6G will be the convergence of space, air, ground, and undersea
networks. The power and intelligence of 6G based on advanced AI techniques will realize
the concept of the Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT). In this study, we conduct a
comprehensive survey of 6G IIoT applications based on Federated Learning (FL), starting
from introducing recent advances in FL and IIoT systems to discussing how to integrate …