… The aim of this book is to provide a tentative identification of relatively broad groups of
organisms and not definitive identification of the causal agents, which requires more in-depth …

This chapter discusses how to diagnose the damaging agents of woody plants on the field.
It is established that it is important to remember that in many cases, a reliable diagnosis …

… is usually the observation and recording of symptoms and signs of infections in the field. In
… -access field guide for the identification of damage on woody sentinel plants was published, …

… Sentinel plant Plant maintained outside of its natural ranges, eg in a botanic garden, arboretum
or in a nursery, used for monitoring presence of, and damage by pests and diseases that, …

… of ornamental plants, a sentinel nursery was established in Beijing, China in 2008. The
sentinel nursery planting included four of the most common ornamental woody species shipped …

This chapter describes and illustrates the damage types (including the possible damaging
agents) to foliage of coniferous woody plants: needle nibbling (insects), needle gnawing (…

This chapter describes and illustrates the damage types (including the possible damaging
agents) to stems, branches and twigs of broadleaf woody plants: root and stem rot (Oomycetes…

Field guide for the identification of damage on woody sentinel plants: Damage to leaves of
broadleaf woody plants… the host tree, the size of the damaged area of a leaf may vary from a …

… The use of sentinel woody plants in experimental plantings, … as a tool for identifying possible
unknown future threats prior to … of damaging invasive pests on In-patria and Ex-patria plants …

… a part of the area with the highest diversity of plant species in … healthy and disturbed/damaged
forests and they gave most … to the restoration of the herbaceous and woody undergrowth. …