activities of all seven BoNT types by mass spectrometry (MS). Each BoNT type cleaves a
unique site on proteins involved in neuronal transmission. Target peptide substrates based
on these proteins identify a BoNT type by its enzymatic action on the substrate and the
production of two peptide products, which are then detected by matrix-assisted laser
desorption/ionization time-of-flight MS or liquid chromatography electrospray ionization …