The volatile of oils obtained from the rhizomes of Alpinia galanga (L.) Willd. and Alpinia officinarum Hance from Imphal (NE India) were examined by GC and GC/MS. The yields of the oil were found to be 0.73% and 0.24%, respectively. A total of seventy-five compounds were identified in the oils. The major constituents were 1,8-cineole (53.4% and 28.3%), α-terpineol (2.1% and 6.7%), β-pinene (1.5% and 3.1%) and terpinen-4-ol (2.9% and 1.2%) and α-pinene (1.1% and 1.2%) in the oils of A. galanga and A. officinarum, respectively. Some additional compounds were also identified as β-sesquiphellandrene (5.9%), chavicol (5.0%), β-caryophyllene (2.7%), eugenyl acetate (1.9%) and zingiberenol (1.6%) in A. galanga oil and α-fenchyl acetate (15.2%), carotol (8.9%), α-eudesmol (4.5%), (E)-methyl cinnamate (4.0%), camphor (3.4%), camphene (2.3%) and borneol (1.7%) in A. officinarum oil.