intrinsic motivation, and goal orientation were examined in 4 samples of Norwegian
students. A total of 907 students in 6th grade (n= 277), 9th grade (n= 239), 11th grade (n=
264), and adult students enrolled in first year of senior high school (n= 127) participated in
the study. Findings indicated that gender differences continue to exist. Male students had
higher self-concept, performance expectations, intrinsic motivation, and self-enhancing ego …