sets of points, one from the image frame of reference and the other from a set of points in the
surgical tool frame of reference; irrespective of the alterations in the number of points or in
the sequence of measurement of the points in the image or the tool frame. The radio-opaque
markers (affixed to the scalp of the patient before MRI/CT Scan) serve as a reference in
neuro-images. The coordinates of the markers on the patient's scalp with respect to the robot …