A ISTRA ("|" The term heavy metals has been vaguely applied to a group of physically
miscellaneous and chemically heterogeneous elements, at times being biologically
essential or environmentally significant inorganic contaminants, in most of the published
literature without any established authoritative or coherent scientific basis or reference.
Although Potentially Toxic Elements (PTEs) as an alternative for popularly known heavy
metals, describes their toxic nature in terms of concentration fluctuations, exposure limits …