Two-dimensional (2D) materials with intrinsically active basal planes are promising alternative catalysts to the Pt-group noble metals for large-scale hydrogen production. Herein, we perform a comprehensive screening of a 2D materials database (2DMatPedia) to identify such 2D catalysts for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). Using the differential hydrogen adsorption Gibbs free energy as the thermodynamic descriptor, we report nine conducting, synthesizable, and exfoliable 2D catalysts with active basal planes (C₈, NbS₂, NbSe₂, TaSe₂, IrTe₂, Ti₂Se₂, Ba₂Cu₂, Pr₄C₂Cl₅, and Ce₄C₂Br₅), which may have an HER performance comparable to that of Pt-based catalysts. These 2D catalysts screened with high-throughput calculations provide a useful data set for further machine learning model construction or experimental examinations.