The objective of this study is to identify the critical success factors (CSFs) for successful green supply chain management (GSCM) implementation. The nationwide questionnaire survey and fuzzy Decision Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory (DEMATEL) method is used to identify critical success factors (CSFs) for GSCM implementation. The total 35 influential factors were identified through literature review and expert discussion. Out of which 29 influencing factors (Mean ≥ 3.00) were selected through a nationwide survey of Indian automobile industries. The empirical case study of an Indian gear manufacturing organisation is presented to identify CSFs and to validate the applicability of the proposed framework. The proposed fuzzy DEMATEL method identified 12 CSFs from 29 influencing factors which will help to improve the effectiveness and efficiency of successful GSCM implementation. The findings help in understanding GSCM deeply which offers a meaningful base and provides an indication to build an effective phase-wise GSCM implementation.