Fuel composition plays an important role on the particulate matter (PM) emissions formation
from gasoline direct injection (GDI) engines. In this study, the impacts of gasoline chemical
structure and physical properties on the particulate emissions were assessed for a fleet of
five Tier 3 compliant GDI vehicles. All vehicles were tested on eight fuels with varying
aromatic and ethanol levels, as well as varying PM indices (PMIs) over the LA92 test cycle in
at least duplicate on each of the test fuels. Our results showed strong, statistically significant …

Gasoline composition is critical to the formation of regulated emissions and gaseous toxic
pollutants from spark ignition engines equipped with direct injection fueling. This study
investigated the impacts of varying aromatic and ethanol levels on the exhaust emissions of
five gasoline direct injection (GDI) vehicles. A total of eight fuels were used, with aromatic
levels of 20% and 30% by volume, and ethanol levels ranging from 0% to 20% by volume.
The test fleet consisted of 2016 to 2017 model year Tier 3 vehicles operated over the LA92 …