To meaningfully interpret oral health‐related quality of life (OHRQoL) measures, the influence of personality traits must be investigated.

To investigate and quantify the influence of self‐esteem and negative affectivity (NA) on OHRQoL. It was hypothesized that low self‐esteem and high NA would be associated with worse OHRQoL.

OHRQoL measured by the Oral Health Impact Profile 49 (OHIP‐49), self‐esteem measured by the Rosenberg Self‐Esteem Scale (RSES), NA measured by the Eysenck Personality Inventory Questionnaire (EPI‐Q), global oral rating of oral comfort and controlling variables (gender, age, number of teeth, experience of wearing removable dental prostheses (RDP), location of missing teeth and zone of missing teeth) were collected from 81 patients with partial tooth loss, signed in for treatment with RDP.

Bivariate analyses showed that the EPI‐Q score had the highest correlation with OHIP‐49 score (R = 0.5). Both EPI‐Q and RSES score had a stronger correlation with psychosocial items than physical/functional items of the OHIP‐49. In the multivariate analyses, the controlling variables alone explained 17.75% of the variance in OHIP‐49 score, while addition of EPI‐Q score, RSES score and both EPI‐Q and RSES score explained additionally 11.64%, 6.07% and 14.12%, respectively. For each unit increase in EPI‐Q score, the OHIP‐49 score increased 5.1 units and for each unit increase in RSES score, the OHIP‐49 score decreased 1.1. NA was statistically and clinically significantly higher and self‐esteem was statistically significantly lower in patients reporting worse oral comfort.

NA had the strongest and most clinically meaningful influence, but both NA and self‐esteem was found to influence OHRQoL; low self‐esteem and high NA was associated with worse OHRQoL. This indicates the possibility to explain some of the impact of tooth loss on OHRQoL based on personality traits.