due to rapid population growth, urbanization, and industrialization. It has resulted in altered
regional hydrology and water quality of the river basin. In this study, the Soil and Water
Assessment Tool (SWAT) hydrological model was used to investigate the effects of spatial
urbanization on key hydrological components of the study region. Time series of Land Use
and Land Cover (LULC) maps of 1980, 2001, and 2012 were prepared using the object …