sued General Motors (" GM") under Title VII of the 1964 Civil Rights Act, claiming that GM's
seniority system was discriminatory towards black women. 2 They alleged that the
discrimination they encountered as black women was a combination of race-and sex-based
discrimination. 3 In other words, the identity for which they sought protection lay at the
intersection of two legally-protected categories: race and sex. The court stated these women …