Intraductal tubulopapillary neoplasm of the pancreas (ITPN) is a rare tumor which was first described in 2009. We report a case with cytologic and histologic findings and discuss the pitfalls in diagnosing this entity on cytology. An 82-year-old female presented with a pancreatic body mass measuring 3.3 cm. Endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration showed cells in cohesive clusters with high-grade nuclear atypia. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) showed the neoplastic cells to be positive for CK19, CD56 and chromogranin (focal). Ki-67 was high at 50-60%, and chymotrypsin was negative. On the basis of this pattern of staining, the cytologic diagnosis rendered was ‘favors high-grade neuroendocrine carcinoma'. Distal pancreatic resection revealed a cystic 4-cm mass. Histologically, the tumor was seen arising from the duct with a solid growth pattern, tubule formation and papillary structures. IHC showed the tumor to be negative for chromogranin, synaptophysin, CD56, trypsin and chymotrypsin. The Ki-67 index was 70%. The final diagnosis was noninvasive ITPN. We review the literature and discuss the cytomorphologic features and IHC patterns characteristic of this new entity on cytology material in addition to the pitfalls of the cytologic diagnosis.